Rice

Introduction

Throughout history rice has been one of man's most important foods. Today, this unique grain helps sustain two- thirds of the world's population. Archeological evidence suggests that rice has been feeding mankind for more than 5,000 years. Today, agriculture is the backbone of India’s economy, providing direct employment to about 70% of working people in the country. It forms the basis of many premier industries of India, including the textile, jute, and sugar industries. Agriculture contributes about 31% to GDP; about 25% of India's exports are agricultural products.

Rice Production area

The major rice growing area in India are West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Tamil Nadu, Punjab, Maharashtra, Kannataka, Haryana, Gujarat, Kerala, Jammu- Kashmir, Tripura, Meghalaya, Manipur, Rajasthan, Nagaland, Arunanchal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Mirozam, Goa, Pondicherry, Sikkim, A & N Island and D & N Haveli.

Growth promotional activities

Rice is the agriculture is the backbone of India’s economy, providing direct employment to about 70% of working people in the country. It forms the basis of many premier industries of India, including the textile, jute, and sugar industries. Agriculture contributes about 31% to GDP; about 25% of India's exports are agricultural products.

Through a combination of increasing the area under cultivation and increasing cropping intensity today India is self sufficient in rice. Adoption of modern varieties (MVs) rice production exceeded 100 million t annually since 1988. India regularly exports high quality basmati rice (aromatic).

In India alone, basmati rice, non basmati rice exports are valued at (US) $800 million per annum. Over 80% of Basmati rice grown in India is produced for export.

Types of Rice

There are primarily four distinct types of rice:
India accounts for more than 75 percent of global trade, Japonica rice that accounts for around 12 percent of global rice trade, Basmati rice accounts for around 10 percent of global trade and Glutinous rice accounts for most of the remainder.

The main rice varieties grown in India are:
Abhaya, Aditya, ADT 37, ADT 38, ADT 40, Ajaya, Ananda, APD 36, APHR-1, APHR-2, AU 2, Avinash, Barkat, Basmati 217, BASMATI 370, BHADRA, BTP 5204, CHINA 988, CNRH-3, CO 45, CR 1016, CR 138 928, CTH 3, DRRH-1, FR 43 B, Gayatri, Gora types, Himalaya 741, Himdhan, HKR126, Huskalam, Intan, IR 22 / 36 / 28 / 34 / 42 / 50 / 62 / 64, Jagannath, Jaishree, Janki, JAYA, Jyothi, Jyoti, K 332, K 39 KALINGA 3, KANCHAN, KASTHURI=IET 8580, Kasturi, KAU 1531, Kaveri, KHITTISCH, KHP-2, KIRAN, KRH 1, Krishna Hamsa, KUNTI, Madhu, MAHSURI, Mahsuri white, Manasarovar, MANGALA, MGR-1, MO 5, MTU 7029, MUKHI (CTH 1), Nagarjuna, NIDHI (IET9994), PANT DHAN 10 / 12 / 4 / 6, PAVIZHAM=MO 6, PHALGUNA, PR103 / 106, PRASANA, Pravana, PRH-1, Pusa basmati 1, PY3, RADHA, Rasi, Salivahana, SARJOO 52, Sasyasree, SUDHA, Suraksha, SUREKHA, SWARMA, Swarnadhan, SWARNAPRABAHA, TULSI, UDAYA, Vibhava and Vikramarya.